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分类： Oracle
一、环境描述：
ＡＩＸ６１０４
ＯＲＡＣＬＥ １１Ｇ Ｒ２
使用ASM（内置硬盘hdisk1）
二、安装X图形
#smitty installp
安装X11.Dt
环境 产品:rs6000,平台aix,机型all,软件版本v4 or later
问题 用户通过远程图形软件（如：Xmanager)登陆aix，用户无法登陆。如何解决该问题？
1。 在主控台执行
/usr/dt/bin/dtconfig -kill （关闭cde 进程）
/usr/dt/bin/dtconfig -d （下次启动机器不进cde界面）
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xdmconf -e （打开xdm功能）
startsrc -s xdm （启动xdm)
ps -ef | grep xdm (检查xdm进程正在运行）
ps -ef | grep dtlogin （cde 进程应该停止）
2。 编辑Xservers 文件，
vi /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers
把最后一行的#号去掉
# :0 Local local /usr/bin/X11/X -force
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xdmconf -e
# /usr/dt/bin/dtconfig -e
The CDE environment is now set as the default user interface.
This interface will appear on login for all users of the system.
To see this change take effect you must shutdown and restart your system.
Starting AIX Windows Desktop..............#
三、检查系统包
# cat chk_pack.sh
#!/usr/bin/ksh
OSpackagesOK=true
if /usr/bin/test -x /usr/bin/lslpp
  for PACKAGE in "bos.adt.base" "bos.adt.lib" "bos.adt.libm" "bos.perf.perfstat" "bos.perf.libperfstat" "bos.perf.proctools"  "rsct.basic.rte" "pat.clients.rte" "xlC.aix61.rte"
    if [ `/usr/bin/lslpp -l | /usr/bin/grep -c $PACKAGE` != 0 ]
    then
      STATE=`/usr/bin/lslpp -l | /usr/bin/grep $PACKAGE | /usr/bin/awk '{print $3}' | /usr/bin/sed '2,$d'`
      if [ $STATE != "COMMITTED" ]
      then
         if [ $STATE != "APPLIED" ]
         then
            /usr/bin/echo "$PACKAGE"  --NotApplied
            OSpackagesOK=false
         fi
      fi
    else
      /usr/bin/echo "$PACKAGE"  --NotInstalled
      OSpackagesOK=false
    fi
  done
  /usr/bin/echo "NoAccess"
  OSpackagesOK=false
if [ $OSpackagesOK = true ]
   /usr/bin/echo "All required OS packages are installed"
# set -o vi
# ./chk_pack.sh 
bos.adt.libm --NotInstalled
rsct.basic.rte --NotInstalled
pat.clients.rte –NotInstalled
将这些包安装上
四、配置环境
# chfs -a size=4096M /usr
# chfs -a size=2048M /tmp
ps设置成10G
将最大进程数改成16384
smitty-> System Environments->  Change / Show Characteristics of Operating System
修改root用户的limit参数
#vi /etc/security/limits
        fsize = -1
        core = -1
        cpu = -1
        data = -1
        rss = -1
        stack = -1     
        nofiles = -1
        fsize = -1
        data = -1
        core = -1
        nofiles = -1
创建/oracle文件系统  //存放oracle安装软件
/dev/fslv00       35.00     34.99    1%        4     1% /oracle
创建/grid文件系统   //存放grid安装软件
/dev/fslv01       35.00     34.99    1%        4     1% /grid
# mkgroup -a id=300 dba
# mkgroup -a id=301 oinstall
创建oracle用户，主组设置成oisntall，管理组设置成dba
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
# chmod -R 775 /oracle
配置vmo参数
vmo -p -o minperm%=10
vmo -p -o maxclient%=20
vmo -p -o maxperm%=20
vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0
$ cat .profile
PATH=/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.
export PATH
if [ -s "$MAIL" ]           # This is at Shell startup.  In normal
then echo "$MAILMSG"        # operation, the Shell checks
fi                          # periodically.
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
ORACLE_SID=zydb
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.:/usr/local/bin
export PATH ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME
五、安装ORACLE软件
先使用root用户执行rootpre.sh脚本
# sh rootpre.sh
rootpre.sh output will be logged in /tmp/rootpre.out_14-03-11.10:36:20
Saving the original files in /etc/ora_save_14-03-11.10:36:20....
Copying new kernel extension to /etc....
Loading the kernel extension from /etc
 Oracle Kernel Extension Loader for AIX
       Copyright (c)
Oracle Corporation
 Kernel Extension /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel already loaded, unloading it
 Unconfigured the kernel extension successfully
 Unloaded the kernel extension successfully
 Successfully loaded /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50aab000
 Successfully configured /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50aab000
The kernel extension was successfuly loaded.
Checking if group services should be configured....
Nothing to configure.
  
        
使用root用户执行：
# sh /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
# sh /oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Creating /usr/local/bin directory...
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
补丁要求：
补丁说明：
IZ4 bos.mp64 6.1.2.3
IZ5 bos.rte.streams 6.1.3.1
IZ5 bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.2.4
这些补丁在6104 AIX上都是过时补丁，不用管，略过
如果安装过程中提示
是2个压缩包没解压完全，需要将压缩包在AIX中使用unzip分别解压
六、创建grid 用户等
使用内置硬盘hdisk1作为ASM磁盘
mkgroup -A id=503 oper
mkgroup -A id=504 asmadmin
mkgroup -A id=505 asmoper
mkgroup -A id=506 asmdba
mkuser pgrp=oinstall groups=asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid
配置grid的.profile文件
su – grid
$ cat .profile
PATH=/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.
export PATH
if [ -s "$MAIL" ]           # This is at Shell startup.  In normal
then echo "$MAILMSG"        # operation, the Shell checks
fi                          # periodically.
export ORACLE_BASE=/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/grid/product/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.zhs16gbk
七、为ASM准备磁盘  //使用hdisk1
hdisk0          00c1e28b645aa82f                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          00cb2                    None 
修改磁盘属性
# chown grid:oinstall /dev/rhdisk1
# chdev -l hdisk1 -a pv=clear
hdisk1 changed
hdisk0          00c1e28b645aa82f                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          none                                None 
# chmod 770 /dev/rhdisk1
修改解压缩安装文件属性
# chown -R grid:oinstall   xxx
# chmod -R 755 xxx
# chown -R grid:oinstall /grid
# chmod -R 755 /grid
八、安装grid软件
先执行rootpre.sh脚本
# sh rootpre.sh
rootpre.sh output will be logged in /tmp/rootpre.out_14-03-11.12:09:58
Saving the original files in /etc/ora_save_14-03-11.12:09:58....
Copying new kernel extension to /etc....
Loading the kernel extension from /etc
 Oracle Kernel Extension Loader for AIX
       Copyright (c)
Oracle Corporation
 Kernel Extension /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel already loaded, unloading it
 Unconfigured the kernel extension successfully
 Unloaded the kernel extension successfully
 Successfully loaded /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50b08000
 Successfully configured /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50b08000
The kernel extension was successfuly loaded.
Checking if group services should be configured....
Nothing to configure.
密码都配置成oracle
  
# sh /grid/product/11.2.0/grid2/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /grid/product/11.2.0/grid2
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
14:38:25: Checking for super user privileges
14:38:25: User has super user privileges
14:38:25: Parsing the host name
Using configuration parameter file: /grid/product/11.2.0/grid2/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
LOCAL ADD MODE
Creating OCR keys for user 'grid', privgrp 'oinstall'..
Operation successful.
CRS-4664: Node kimo1 successfully pinned.
Adding daemon to inittab
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
ohasd is starting
kimo1    
14:39:24     /grid/product/11.2.0/grid2/cdata/kimo1/backup_924.olr
Successfully configured Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
Updating inventory properties for clusterware
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 10240 MB    Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /oracle/oraInventory
'UpdateNodeList' was successful.
九、以grid用户查看ASM磁盘组
如果弹出的图过小，拉长即可全部显示
选择mount all
//AIX重启后，等几分钟ASM实例会自动启动，无需手动启动ASM
手动启动ASM方法：
#Su – grid
$ srvctl start asm
检查ASM是否启动
# ps -ef|grep +ASM
    grid 205024      1   0 09:00:02      -  0:00 asm_pmon_+ASM
    grid 221404      1   0 09:00:04      -  0:00 asm_rbal_+ASM
    grid 225490      1   0 09:00:02      -  0:00 asm_gen0_+ASM
    grid 229588      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_psp0_+ASM
    grid 233686      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_mman_+ASM
    grid 237786      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_lgwr_+ASM
    grid 241886      1   0 09:00:04      -  0:00 asm_smon_+ASM
    grid 250082      1   0 09:00:05      -  0:00 asm_mmnl_+ASM
    grid 282704      1   0 09:18:04      -  0:00 asm_asmb_+ASM
    root 578   0 09:18:35  pts/0  0:00 grep +ASM
    grid 303188      1   0 09:18:05      -  0:00 oracle+ASM_o000_+asm (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
    grid  53702      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_dia0_+ASM
    grid 180682      1   0 09:00:04      -  0:00 asm_gmon_+ASM
    grid 192798      1   0 09:00:04      -  0:00 asm_mmon_+ASM
    grid 197100      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_diag_+ASM
    grid 200976      1   0 09:00:02      -  0:00 asm_vktm_+ASM
    grid 205272      1   0 09:00:03      -  0:00 asm_dbw0_+ASM
grid 209372      1   0 09:00:04      -  0:00 asm_ckpt_+ASM
$ crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host       
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1      
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1      
ora.asm        ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1      
ora.cssd       ora.cssd.type  ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1      
ora.diskmon    ora....on.type ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1      
ora.sdzy3.db   ora....se.type ONLINE    ONLINE    kimo1 
十、使用oracle用户创建oracle实例，建立在ASM上
密码均设置oracle
//选择Browser，正常会弹出ASM列表，如果列表是空，是oracle用户没有归到asmdba组，将oracle用户归到asmdba组
# smitty user->Change / Show Characteristics of a User->选择oracle用户
添加asmdba组
正常如下：
输入asm密码oracle
如果报错，可能是/dev/rhdisk1权限问题，修改磁盘权限
Chown grid:oinstall /dev/rhdisk1
Chmod 770 /dev/rhdisk1
十一、安装完后检查
# ps -ef|grep ora_
    grid 213086      1   0 09:51:21      -  0:00 ora_arc2_zydb
    grid 262192      1   0 09:51:10      -  0:01 ora_mmon_zydb
    grid 270432      1   0 09:52:36      -  0:00 ora_smco_zydb
    grid 290870      1   0 09:51:10      -  0:00 ora_rbal_zydb
    grid 299156      1   0 09:51:09      -  0:00 ora_smon_zydb
    root 578   0 10:04:24  pts/0  0:00 grep ora_
    grid 311412      1   0 09:51:09      -  0:00 ora_lgwr_zydb
    grid 323690      1   0 09:51:10      -  0:00 ora_mark_zydb
    grid 327782      1   0 09:51:08      -  0:00 ora_mman_zydb
    grid 344160      1   0 09:51:08      -  0:00 ora_psp0_zydb
    grid 356466      1   0 09:51:07      -  0:00 ora_diag_zydb
    grid 364750      1   0 09:52:39      -  0:00 ora_w000_zydb
    grid 422032      1   0 09:51:21      -  0:00 ora_arc3_zydb
    grid 438436      1   1 09:51:07      -  0:00 ora_vktm_zydb
    grid 446608      1   0 09:51:30      -  0:00 ora_cjq0_zydb
    grid 454786      1   0 09:51:19      -  0:00 ora_arc0_zydb
    grid 233794      1   0 09:51:13      -  0:00 ora_o000_zydb
    grid 237920      1   0 09:51:10      -  0:00 ora_mmnl_zydb
    grid 262476      1   0 09:51:11      -  0:00 ora_d000_zydb
    grid 266582      1   0 09:51:07      -  0:00 ora_gen0_zydb
    grid 270746      1   0 09:51:11      -  0:00 ora_s000_zydb
    grid 303456      1   0 09:51:08      -  0:00 ora_dbw0_zydb
    grid 307596      1   0 09:51:35      -  0:00 ora_q000_zydb
    grid 319846      1   0 09:51:10      -  0:00 ora_asmb_zydb
    grid 323974      1   0 09:51:08      -  0:00 ora_dbrm_zydb
    grid 332144      1   0 09:51:35      -  0:00 ora_q001_zydb
    grid 356700      1   0 09:51:07      -  0:00 ora_pmon_zydb
    grid 360774      1   0 09:51:20      -  0:00 ora_arc1_zydb
    grid 381338      1   0 09:51:08      -  0:00 ora_dia0_zydb
    grid 385396      1   0 09:51:09      -  0:00 ora_reco_zydb
    grid 410034      1   0 09:51:09      -  0:00 ora_ckpt_zydb
    grid 422322      1   0 09:51:25      -  0:00 ora_qmnc_zydb
SQL> select status from v$
------------
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      +DATA/zydb/spfilezydb.ora
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,bytes/ M from dba_data_
FILE_NAME                                          TABLESPACE_NAME                         M
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------
+DATA/zydb/datafile/users.263.            USERS                                   5
+DATA/zydb/datafile/undotbs1.264.         UNDOTBS1                               90
+DATA/zydb/datafile/sysaux.265.           SYSAUX                                500
+DATA/zydb/datafile/system.260.           SYSTEM                                680
SQL> select * from v$
   
    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                        IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.    NO
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_3.267.    YES
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_2.257.    NO
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_2.256.    YES
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_1.259.    NO
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/zydb/onlinelog/group_1.258.    YES
6 rows selected.
SQL> show parameter control_
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files                        string      +DATA/zydb/controlfile/current
                                                 .261., +DATA/zydb/con
                                                 trolfile/current.262.
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
pga_aggregate_target                 big integer 0
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     5
Next log sequence to archive   7
Current log sequence           7
SQL> show parameter db_recovery_file_
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      +DATA
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 3852M
SQL> show parameter memory_max_
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
memory_max_target                    big integer 3328M
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
lock_sga                             boolean     FALSE
pre_page_sga                         boolean     FALSE
sga_max_size                         big integer 3328M
sga_target                           big integer 0
SQL> show parameter pga_aggregate_
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
pga_aggregate_target                 big integer 0
SQL> select value/||'M' M from v$pgastat where name like 'total PGA allocated';
-----------------------------------------
监听自动创建并启动
$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-MAR-:22
Copyright (c) , Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                12-MAR-:17
Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 18 min. 6 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      ON
Listener Parameter File   /grid/product/11.2.0/grid2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /grid/diag/tnslsnr/kimo1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=kimo1)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "zydb" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "zydb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "zydbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "zydb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
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