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泰和乌鸡必需氨基酸需要量、模式及消化率研究
Studies on Requirements, Optimum Dietary Pattern and Digestibility of E ential Amino Acids for Chinese Taihe Chicken
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【作者】
【导师】
【作者基本信息】
动物营养与饲料科学，
2005，
【摘要】
本论文全面系统地研究了我国著名的集观赏、药用及滋补于一身的泰和乌鸡的必需氨基酸需要量、模式及消化率,为泰和乌鸡的营养研究和生产应用提供技术依据,对促进泰和乌鸡养殖业的发展具有重要意义。研究共分四部分:
第一部分为生长发育规律研究。选用186只泰和乌鸡,随机分为6组（重复）,饲养至12周龄。每两周对称重、统计饲料、每组随机抽取1只屠宰,测定内脏***的重量和a-淀粉酶及胰蛋白酶活性。结果表明:（1）0-4周龄呈指数形式增长:y=29.7759e
0.4432x
=0.9878,n=180,P0.01）,5周龄后呈直线生长:y=-120.0910+72.5165X（R
=0.9952,n=180,P0.01）。（2）内脏***的发育峰期在8周龄以前,各内脏***的生长发育速度不一致。（3）a-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶的活性（u/g食糜）8周龄随着周龄的增加而升高,但在0-6周龄期间升高缓慢,可能是泰和乌鸡前期生长的限制因素之一。
第二部分为必需氨基酸需要量及模式的研究。采用析因法得出了0-4、5-8、9-12周龄三个阶段的氨基酸需要量及模式,建立了必需氨基酸生长、维持需要量数学模型。结果表明:（1）胴体氮沉积量与体重存在极显著的线性相关:CN=66.4720+27.1761w,（R
=0.9960,P0.01,n=42）。（2）羽毛氮沉积量与体重存在极显著的幂函数关系:FN=0.8688W
=0.9831,P0.01,n=42）（3）成年泰和公鸡（1.6kg）皮屑损失为213.41mg/d,肌酸肌酐排泄量为4.04mg/d;内源氮排泄量为246.10mg/d;维持的净蛋白质需要量数学模型为:PRM=11.24mg/gw
。（4）每克增重中含胴体氮为27.1761mg/g。（5）泰和乌鸡早期氨基酸需要量低于肉鸡而稍高于后备母鸡。
第三部分为蛋氨酸需要量和可消化需要量的研究。结果为:0～4周龄公鸡和母鸡蛋氨酸需要量均为0.44%,可消化蛋氨酸需要量均为0.41%;5～8周龄公鸡氨酸需要量为0.35%,可消化蛋氨酸需要量为0.33%,母鸡为0.31%和0.30%;9～12周龄公鸡蛋氨酸需要量为0.26%,可消化蛋氨酸需要量为0.25%,母鸡为0.24%和0.23%。
第四部分为对几种常规蛋白质饲料中氨基酸真消化率的研究。采用“TME”法,首次测定了不同性别的9周龄和12周龄泰和乌鸡对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕等4种最常用蛋白质饲料氨基酸真消化率。
【A tract】
There are four parts in the study.The first party is Studies on growth and development for Chinese Taihe chicken. 186 Chinese Taihe chicken were randomly divided into six grou ,which were fed the same diets and bred from 0 to 12 weeks of age .At biweekly intervals the average body weight and feed intake were recorded ,meanwhile one bird from each group with the similar weight to average body weight was killed and the weights of various internal orga were measured ,carca and internal orga were homogenized and analyzed for the activities of a-amylase and try in in duodenum contents were also measured .The results showed as following : （ 1） The Chinese Taihe chicken grew slowly before 4 weeks of age ,the growth was fitting to the exponential function equatio which was y=29.7759e0.4432x（R
=0.9878, n=180, P0.01）, while it grew rapidly after 4 weeks of age and the growth was fitted to the linear equatio which was y=-120.0910+72.5165X （ R2=0.9952, n=180, P0.01） ,X mea weeks of age and y mea body weight in the equatio （2） The peak of growth and development of internal orga was before 8 weeks of age, but it was not in coincidence in each organ. （3） The activities of a-amylase and try in in duodenum contents increased with age before 8weeks of age, but it increased slowly at 0-4 weeks age, which was probably a limited factor to growth.The second party is studies on the requirement and patter of e ential amino acids for Chinese Taihe chicken of 0-12weeks. Mathmathics models have been formulated to calculate the e ential amino acid requirements for growing Chinese Taihe chicken in early stage. A requirement was taken as the sum of the needs for maintenance, for gain in carca weight without feathers, and for the feathers. The maintenance requirement was co idered to be the sum of the needs for replacing skin and intestinal lo es and for the obligatory creatinine excretion in the urine. Parameters used in the models were obtained from the comparative slaughter trial and nitrogen balance trials with adult Chinese Taihe chicken. The e ential amino acid requirements were calculated with the co tructed models. The results showed as following: （1） the nitrogen amounts of carca very significantly linearly correlated to body weight （ lt;0.01）,
regre ion
equation
expre ed
follow:
（mg）=66.4720+27.1761BW（g）, （R2=0.9960 lt;0.01, n=84）. （2） Nitrogen amount of feathers （FN, mg） was regre ed on body weight （BW, g）, following equation was obtained: FN （mg） =0.8688BW
.3892 （g）, （R
=0.9831, lt;0.01, n=84）. （3） The replacement needs for skin nitrogen lo was determined at 213.41mg/d for adult male Chinese Taihe chicken （1.6kg） creatinine excretion in these birds was 4.04mg/d. When fed an N-free diet, 1.6kg adult male Chinese Taihe chicken excreted a total of 246.1 0mg/d endogenous nitrogen. The net protein requirements for maintenance was estimated: PRM=11.24mg/gw075. （4） Per g body weight gain contained 27.1761mg. （5） Carca nitrogen for growing Chinese Taihe chicken in early stage, but feathers nitrogen in per g body weight gain increased with age. The e ential amino acid requirements were slightly higher than growing laying he but lower than that of broiler chicks. The amino acid patter changed with weeks of age.The third party is Studies on the Digestible Methionine Requirements of Chinese Taihe chicken of 0-12weeks.A grouped feeding trial, nitrogen balance trial and metabolism trial for Chinese Taihe chicken were conducted to study the effects of dietary methionine levels on performance, nitrogen retention and serum urea nitrogen concenteation and to determine the total and digestible methionine requirements of Chinese Taihe chicken in early stage. The results showed as following: during 0-4 weeks the total and digestible methionine requirements of Chinese Taihe chicken fed on a diet （19.24% crude protein, metabolizable energy 12.26MJ/kg and 0.26% su lemental methionine） was 0.44% and 0.41% of dietary levels, re ectively. During 4-9 weeks, based on a diet (17.37% crud
【关键词】
【Key words】
【网络出版投稿人】
【网络出版年期】2005年
【分类号】S831.5
【被引频次】7
【下载频次】237
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文献名称：
泰和乌鸡必需氨基酸需要量、模式及消化率研究 前言：
本论文全面
地研究了我国著名的集观赏、药用及滋补于一身的泰和乌鸡的
需要量、
率,为泰和乌鸡的营养研究和生产应用提供技术依据,对促进泰和乌鸡养殖业的发展具有重要意义。研究共分四部分:
第一部分为生长发育规律研究。选用186只泰和乌鸡,随机分为6组(
),饲养至12周龄。每两周对称重、统计
、每组随机抽取1只屠宰,测定内脏
的重量和a-
。结果表明:(1)0-4周龄呈指数形式增长:y=29.7759e~(0.4432x)(R~2=0.9878,n=180,P<0.01),5周龄后呈直线生长:y=-120.0910+72.5165X(R~2=0.995
n=180,P<0.01)。(2)内脏***的发育峰期在8周龄以前,各内脏***的生长发育速度不一致。(3)a-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶的活性(u/g食糜)8周龄随着周龄的增加而升高,但在0-6周龄期间升高缓慢,可能是泰和乌鸡前期生长的
第二部分为必需
需要量及模式的研究。采用析因法得出了0-4、5-8、9-12周龄三个阶段的氨基酸需要量及模式,建立了必需氨基酸生长、维持需要量
。结果... There are four parts in the study.The first party is Studies on growth and development for Chinese Taihe chicken. 186 Chinese Taihe chicken were randomly divided into six grou ,which were fed the same diets and bred from 0 to 12 weeks of age .At biweekly intervals the average body weight and feed intake were recorded ,meanwhile one bird from each group with the similar weight to average body weight was killed and the weights of various internal orga were measured ,carca and internal orga were homoge...
文献名称
泰和乌鸡必需氨基酸需要量、模式及消化率研究
Article Name
英文(英语)翻译
Studies on Requirements, Optimum Dietary Pattern and Digestibility of E ential Amino Acids for Chinese Taihe Chicke 作者
瞿明仁;
导师:卢德勋;
作者单位
Author Agencies
内蒙古农业大学;
文献出处
Article From
中国科学院上海冶金研究所; 材料物理与化学(专业)
博士论文 2000年度
泰和乌鸡;
必需氨基酸;
需要量;
氨基酸消化率;
Keywords
Chinese Taihe Chicke E ential Amino Acid;Requirement;Patter True Digestibility of Amino Acid;
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