Mechanism of Jc enhancement of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) due to Ag-doping
Title:Mechanism of Jc enhancement of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) due to Ag-doping
Authors:; ; ; ;
Affiliation:AA(Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Republic of China), AB(Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Republic of China), AC(Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Republic of China), AD(Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Republic of China), AE(Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Republic of China)
Publication:IN: High-tempera Proceedings of the Symposium, Boston, MA, Nov. 30-Dec. 4, 1987 (A88-). Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society, 1988, p. 785-788. Research supported by the Ministry of Economic Affairs.
Publication Date:00/1988
Category:Solid-State Physics
NASA/STI Keywords:Current Density, Doped Crystals, High Temperature Superconductors, Mixed Oxides, Silver Oxides, Barium Oxides, Copper Oxides, Perovskites, Yttrium Oxides
Bibliographic Code:
Ag-doping was found to enhance the critical current density of the
ceramic superconductors by as much as a factor of 15. This Jc
enhancement is due to both the increased amount of the superconducting
phase and the resulting preferred crystal orientation. The optimum level
of dopant may vary according to the chemical forms of Ag dopants.
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more authorsAbstractThe superconducting state and the transition temperature T/sub c/ of the interstitially Ag-doped YBa?Cu?O/sub 7-??/ are not changed even when the Ag concentration is increased up to 20%, whereas the substitutionally doped YBa?Cu/sub 3-chi/Ag/sub chi/I/sub 7-??/ system ceases to be superconductive when the contents chi of Ag is over 1.2. Magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that the interstitial Ag-doping yields higher diamagnetic signal and enhances the critical current density by 15 folds. Photoelectron emission and electron spin resonance spectroscopic studies elucidate that the copper ions change from diamagnetic to paramagnetic states at some doping levels.Do you want to read the rest of this article?
CitationsCitations0ReferencesReferences0ArticleOctober 1970 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · Impact Factor: 3.66In order to determine whether electron spin resonance in type-I superconductors is experimentally possible, we have extended Dyson's theory to the case of a superconductor, taking into account the penetration depth of electromagnetic fields, the change in phase of the surface impedance, and the change in group velocity and relaxation time of the quasiparticles compared to the normal case. We... ArticleMay 2001 · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter · Impact Factor: 2.35Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of Yb3+ ions in the optically bistable compound Yb:CsCdBr3 are presented. The features observed are assigned to the symmetrically coupled pair complexes of the type Yb3+-VCd-Yb3+ (VCd being a cadmium vacancy) whose axis is parallel to the crystallographic c-axis. There are no asymmetric pairs of the type Yb3+-Yb3+-VCd. It is shown that simulation of the... ArticleJanuary 2001 · Journal of Physics F Metal Physics · Impact Factor: 2.35The exchange parameters between Gd and the host magnetic ions in the Van Vleck beryllides PrBe13, EuBe13, TmBe13 and UBe13 were extracted using the electron spin resonance technique. A significant variation of the (positive) exchange across the rare-earth series was observed and was interpreted in terms of the dependence of the rare-earth-conduction electron exchange parameter on the 4f... ArticleOctober 1995 · Journal of Materials Chemistry
· Impact Factor: 7.44+2 more authors…Important building block ligands such as 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate (dmit) and ethene-1,2-dithiolate (thiolene) form metal complexes that have been found to exhibit metallic conductivity and superconductivity. The syntheses of three well defined building block ligands that can lead to new molecular conductors and the synthesis and characterization of four new metal complexes of these... Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.This publication is from a journal that may support self archiving.Patent US2815353 - delta8(14)-pregnenes and process - Google PatentsUS2815353 AGrantDec 3, 1957Sep 4, 1956Sep 4, 1956US 2815353 A, US 2815353A, US-A-2815353, US2815353 A, US2815353A, ,
(3) , , delta8(14)-pregnenes and processUS 2815353 A&&
United States Patent A -PREGNENES AND PROCESS Josef Fried, New Brunswick, N. J.
Application September 4, 1956, Serial No. 607,585
8 Claims. (Cl. )
No Drawing.
This invention relates to the synthesis of steroids and has for its objects the provision of: (I) an advantageous process of preparing steroids of the general formula CHQOR wherein R is hydrogen or acyl (particularly the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid having less than ten carbon atoms as exemplified by the lower fatty acids, benzoic acid, etc.); (II) these new steroids, which are useful in themselves as physiologically, and (111) new steroids of the general'formula CHaOR wherein R is as above-defined, and R is a hydrocarbon radical of less than eight carbon atoms (e. g., lower alkyl,
such as methyl, and monocyclic aryl, such as telyl).
The process of this invention essentially comprises interacting a 21-ester of A -pregnadiene-11B,17u,21-
triol-3,20-dione with a sulfonyl halide of the formula RSO X, wherein X is halogen, in an organic base (e. g., pyridine) in the cold (i. e., a temperature below room temperature and optimally at about 0 C.) to yield the corresponding llfl-sulfonyloxy derivative, and then heat-" ing this 11 B-sulfonyloxy derivative with a base, such as an aromatic tertiary nitrogenous base (e. g., pyridine or collidine) or an alkali metal salt of a lower fatty acid (e. g., sodium acetate in acetic acid) to obtain the desired A -pregnatriene-17a,21-diol-3,20-dione 21-ester,,
Patented Dec. 3, 1957 The following examples are illustrative of the inventron (all temperatures being in centigrade):
EXAMPLE 1 A (14) pregnadiene-l 1 18,] 711,21 -tri0l-3,20-dione 1 1 p-mesylate 21 -acetate A solution of 51 mg. of A -pregnadiene-1 1B,17oc,2ltriol-3,20-dione 21-acetate (prepared as disclosed in U. S. applications of Josef Fried, Serial No. 417,489, filed March 10, 1954, and SerialNo. 607,586, filed on even date herewith) in 3 ml. of pyridine and 0.02 ml. of methanesulfonyl chloride is allowed to stand at 0 for 18 hours. The mixture is then diluted with water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract is washed with water, dilute acid and again with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. Recrystallization of the resulting residue from alco hol gives the pure mesylate of the following properties: M. P. about 151152 (dec.); [111 +268 (c., 0.54 in CHClg), +245 (c., 0.35 in95% alcohol);
A113,, 237 m (17,800) A221? 3.06, 5.72, 5.81, 6.11
Analysis.Calcd. for C H O S (480.50): C, 59.98; H, 6.71; S, 6.67. Found: C, 60.01; H, 6.73; S, 6.38.
In a similar manner, by substituting an equivalent amount of ethanesulfonyl chloride or propanesulfonyl chloride for the methanesulfonyl chloride in the procedure of Example 1, the llfl-ethanesulfonyloxy and 11,8- propanesulfonyloxy derivatives are formed, respectively.
EXAMPLE 2 A (14) -pregnadiene-1 1,8,1 7a,21-tri0l-3,20-dione 11 fl-tosylate 21 -acetate A solution of 50 mg. of A -pregnadiene-11;8,17a,2ltrio1-3,20-dione ZI-acetate in 2 ml. of pyridine and 50 mg. of p-toluene-sulfonyl chloride is allowed to stand at 0 for 18 hours. The mixture is then diluted with water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract is washed with water, dilute acid and again with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. Recrystallization of the resulting residue from 95% alcohol gives the pure tosylate.
EXAMPLE 3 A -pregnatriene-1 70:,21 -di0l 3,20 dione 21-acetate A solution of 50 mg. of the mesylate prepared in Example 1 in 4 ml. of pyridine is refluxed for one hour. The steroids are isolated by extraction with chloroform and the resulting material (about 45 mg.) recrystallized from 95% ethanol. The resulting triene (about 16 mg.) melts at about 183-185 (dec.); [111 +l29 (c., 0.42 in chloroform);
M13240 m (6 17,400) shoulder at 275 my (6 3,700) Ami? 3.12, 5.80, 6.05, 6.20;;
Analysis.Calcd. for C I-1 0 (384.45): C, 71.85; H, 7.36. Found: C, 71.63; H, 7.37.
The triene can also be obtained by replacing the pyridine by a solution of sodium acetate in glacial acetic acid. Similarly, if the tosylate of Example 2 is substituted for the mesylate, the same triene is obtained.
The 21-acetate formed in Example 3 can be hydrolyzed by treatment with potassium carbonate in methanol to yield the free Zl-hydroxy derivative, which in turn can be esterified in the usual manner as by treatment with a suitable acid anhydride (e. g., propionic anhydride) or acyl halide (e. g., benzoyl chloride) in an organic base (e. g., pyridine) to yield the corresponding 21-ester derivative.
The invention may be otherwise variously embodied within the scope of the appended claims.
3 I claim: I. A steroid of the general formula CH2O R :0 I -OH wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid having less than ten carbon atoms.
2. A -pregnatriene-l7a,21-dioI-3,20-dione 21- acetate.
3. A steroid of the general formula Gmo'R (i=0 ---0H 3'80; 1
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid having less than ten carbon atoms, and R is a. hydrocarbon radical of less than eight carbon atoms.
4. A -pregnadiene-11p,17a,21-triol-3,20-dione 11pmesylate Zl-acetate.
5. A process for preparing a compound of the general formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid having less than ten carbon atoms, which comprises heating a steroid of the general formula CHaOR wherein R is as above-defined, and R is a hydrocarbon radical of less than eight carbon atoms, with a base.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein the steroid reactant is A -pregnadiene-11;3,17a,21-triol 3,20 dione 11pmesylate 21-acetate.
7. A process for preparing a compound of the general formula CHzOR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid having less than ten carbon atoms, and R is a hydrocarbon radical of less than eight carbon atoms, which comprises interacting a steroid of the formula CHzOR HO I No references cited.
1 *None *Gaetano Palladino2-Bromo-6β-fluoro-3-keto-Δ1,4 -steroids of the pregnane seriesU.S. Classification, Cooperative ClassificationRotateData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services设为首页 |
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